{"id":5895,"date":"2025-11-11T17:12:49","date_gmt":"2025-11-11T17:12:49","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/abara.org\/?p=5895"},"modified":"2026-02-04T04:19:48","modified_gmt":"2026-02-04T04:19:48","slug":"explainer-what-migrant-farmworkers-face-today","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/abara.org\/es\/explainer-what-migrant-farmworkers-face-today\/","title":{"rendered":"Explicador: A qu\u00e9 se enfrentan los trabajadores agr\u00edcolas migrantes hoy en d\u00eda"},"content":{"rendered":"

Fuente: Los legisladores de California afirman que las nuevas leyes deben proteger a los trabajadores agr\u00edcolas del calor extremo<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n

Antecedentes<\/h3>\n

Desde los albores de la historia de los Estados Unidos, los trabajadores agr\u00edcolas migrantes han sido fundamentales para la historia y la econom\u00eda del pa\u00eds. Sin embargo, a menudo han permanecido en las sombras de la sociedad, obligados a soportar condiciones de vida y de trabajo inadecuadas e inaceptables. Tomemos como ejemplo el Programa Bracero de la d\u00e9cada de 1940, que trajo a millones de trabajadores mexicanos a los campos estadounidenses, o la huelga de la uva de Delano de 1965, en la que los trabajadores lo arriesgaron todo para exigir un cambio. El trabajo agr\u00edcola siempre ha estado marcado por la lucha y la resiliencia. Hoy en d\u00eda, pol\u00edticas como el Programa de Trabajadores Agr\u00edcolas Temporales H-2A contin\u00faan esta larga y dif\u00edcil historia, ofreciendo visas temporales a ciudadanos extranjeros para trabajar en la agricultura estadounidense, con salarios y condiciones estrictamente regulados (Centro Nacional para la Salud de los Trabajadores Agr\u00edcolas, 2024; USCIS, 2025).<\/p>\n

\u00bfQui\u00e9nes son los trabajadores agr\u00edcolas migrantes de hoy en d\u00eda?<\/h3>\n
    \n
  • \n
      \n
    • La mayor\u00eda de los trabajadores agr\u00edcolas son hombres; las mujeres representan solo el 26,3 % de la fuerza laboral. La edad promedio es de 39,6 a\u00f1os: el 20,3 % tiene menos de 25 a\u00f1os y el 39,1 % m\u00e1s de 44. Casi la mitad (48,1 %) de los trabajadores agr\u00edcolas est\u00e1n casados (Farm Labor, 2022).<\/li>\n
    • En cuanto a la raza y el origen \u00e9tnico, m\u00e1s de la mitad (55%) son de origen hispano-mexicano. Los trabajadores no hispanos incluyen a personas de raza blanca (31%), de raza negra (3%) y de otras razas (4%). Alrededor de 46% nacieron en los Estados Unidos (incluido Puerto Rico), y 56% son ciudadanos estadounidenses (Farm Labor, 2022).\n
        \n
      • Se calcula que en California residen unos 20 000 migrantes ind\u00edgenas procedentes de M\u00e9xico. A menudo se enfrentan a barreras ling\u00fc\u00edsticas, ya que la mayor\u00eda habla lenguas ind\u00edgenas (Primera, 2025).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n
      • En general, los niveles de educaci\u00f3n son bajos. Casi la mitad (44,1 %) de los trabajadores agr\u00edcolas no tiene el t\u00edtulo de secundaria, el 33,1 % tiene el t\u00edtulo de secundaria y el 22,1 % ha cursado al menos algunos estudios universitarios (Farm Labor, 2022).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

        Trabajando en el campo hoy<\/h3>\n

        Los trabajadores agr\u00edcolas siguen enfrent\u00e1ndose a condiciones dif\u00edciles; aunque las diferencias salariales se han ido reduciendo poco a poco, siguen existiendo. En 2023, el salario medio por hora de los trabajadores del cultivo, los viveros y los invernaderos fue de 17,60 d\u00f3lares, lo que refleja un aumento del 6,41 % con respecto al a\u00f1o anterior. Los trabajadores agr\u00edcolas, ganaderos y acu\u00edcolas ganaron un promedio de $16,51 por hora, con un aumento de 3,5% entre 2022 y 2023 (Farm Labor, 2024).<\/p>\n

        Riesgos para la salud y dificultades<\/h3>\n
          \n
        • A menudo se incumplen los protocolos de seguridad y laborales, con salarios bajos, falta de atenci\u00f3n m\u00e9dica y trabajo agotador en condiciones clim\u00e1ticas inadecuadas<\/li>\n
        • La exposici\u00f3n prolongada a los plaguicidas se ha relacionado con el c\u00e1ncer, la depresi\u00f3n, la diabetes, las enfermedades neurodegenerativas y los problemas reproductivos<\/li>\n
        • La falta de acceso a la atenci\u00f3n m\u00e9dica agrava los riesgos para la salud a los que se enfrentan los trabajadores agr\u00edcolas<\/li>\n
        • La Norma de Protecci\u00f3n de los Trabajadores (WPS) es un conjunto de normas federales creadas para proteger a los trabajadores agr\u00edcolas. Antes de 2013, hab\u00edan transcurrido 20 a\u00f1os sin que se hubiera realizado ninguna revisi\u00f3n. La siguiente revisi\u00f3n tuvo lugar en 2015, y la \u00faltima, en 2024.<\/li>\n
        • Los trabajadores agr\u00edcolas se enfrentan a barreras culturales y ling\u00fc\u00edsticas, adem\u00e1s de sufrir abusos y la amenaza constante de ser deportados<\/li>\n
        • <\/li>\n<\/ul>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

          Legisladores de California Dicen Que las Nuevas Leyes Deben Proteger a los Trabajadores Agr\u00edcolas del Calor Extremo Antecedentes Desde los inicios de la historia de los Estados Unidos, los trabajadores agr\u00edcolas migrantes han sido cruciales para la historia y la econom\u00eda del pa\u00eds. Sin embargo, a menudo han permanecido en las sombras de la sociedad, obligados a soportar condiciones de vida y trabajo inadecuadas e inaceptables. Tomemos el Bracero...<\/p>","protected":false},"author":10,"featured_media":5896,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-5895","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-news-and-updates"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nExplainer: What Migrant Farmworkers Face Today - Abara<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/abara.org\/es\/explainer-what-migrant-farmworkers-face-today\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"es_MX\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Explainer: What Migrant Farmworkers Face Today - Abara\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Source: California Legislators Say New Laws Must Protect Farmworkers From Extreme Heat Background Since the early history of the United States, migrant farmworkers have been crucial to the country\u2019s history and economy. 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